BackgroundWhile e-cigarettes usually contain nicotine, their addictive potential is not yet fully understood.We hypothesized that if e-cigarettes are addictive, users will experience typical symptoms of addiction.ObjectiveThe aim of our study was to investigate whether and how e-cigarette users report signs of addiction.MethodsWe identified 3 large
Terrorist acts have been a worrisome phenomenon for all nations.Paradoxically, although states have been conscious about the danger of this phenomenon, there is no definition of terrorist acts so far.States have been skeptical and they have not agreed that the judgment of these criminal offences be performed by international jurisdictions, thus opt
Adopting fluid dynamics theory and time-dependent solid dynamics theory of ship, the fluidsolid coupling dynamics numerical model is built.The linear fluid-solid coupling equation is derived from BLOW DRY CONCENTRATE ship surface integral formula.The time-dependent hull displacement is calculated by solving the non-linear elastic equations.The resu
Given the concern over contact allergy risk associated with aromatherapy, information regarding the use of essential oils (EOs) is crucial for consumer dermal exposure assessment.In this study we mainly aim to describe the usage patterns of EOs among Chinese consumers to provide important data for exposure assessment to fragrance allergens in EOs.A
Physiotherapeutic effects of infrared lasers have been proved in clinic.These infrared-based regulations of the bioelectrical activities can roughly be classified into enhancement and suppression of action potential (AP), which are described by sodium (Na) and potassium (K) transmembrane current equations, named as Hodgkin and Huxley (HH)-model.The